Government Censorship and Control in Brave New World

Imagine a society in which its citizens have forfeited all personal liberties for government protection and stability; Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, explores a civilization in which this hypothetical has become reality. The inevitable trade-off of citizens’ freedoms for government protection traditionally follows periods of war and terror. The voluntary degradation of the citizens’ rights begins with small, benign steps to full, totalitarian control. Major methods for government control and censorship are political, religious, economic, and moral avenues. Huxley’s Brave New World provides a prophetic glimpse of government censorship and control through technology; the citizens of the World State mimic those of the real world by trading†¦show more content†¦The World State forbids the citizens from experiencing any negative emotion, for fear of losing control. Soma, Latin for sleep, renders its users to a coma-like blissful state, which Congdon describes, borrowing the statement from Huxley himself, that soma allows the citizens to,â€Å"periodically escape from the pressure of routine and worldly cares†(Congdon). Citizens are conditioned to use the drug at the slightest challenge to the cultural norms, preventing any thoughts of rebellion or contempt against the government. Moreover, the World State explicitly harvests this â€Å"religious emotion† through requiring the citizens to prescribe to their own self-made religion, Fordism. As practitioners of Fordism, the citizens of the World State revere real world Henry Ford as their savior. Huxley utilizes satirical comparisons between Christianity and Fordism to illuminate that today’s government utilizes Christianity in a similar way, to quell the masses. Huxley uses obvious parodies such as switching â€Å"Our Lord† for â€Å"Our Ford† and cutting the tops off all crosses so they resemble T’s, a reference to Ford’s Model T car, to bring the truth to light without explicitly stating the fact. The followers of Ford also attend regular â€Å"Solidarity Services.† These services are comprised of twelve individuals sitting around a table while they sing hymns and ingest soma until the climax of anShow MoreRelatedBrave New World Loss Of Individuality Analysis90 6 Words   |  4 Pagesfuturistic novel Brave New World, published by Aldous Huxley, depicts a totalitarian government, which is a â€Å"political regime based on subordination†¦ and strict control of all aspects of the life and productive capacity of the nation.† This government succeeds in securing stability with the use of biotechnological and socio-scientific techniques. The World State has achieved â€Å"Community, Identity, Stability† (21) and prosperity at the loss of individuality and humanity. In Huxley’s Brave New World, the reigningRead MoreEssay Brave New World by Aldous Huxley847 Words   |  4 PagesAfraid New World Aldous Huxley’s â€Å"Brave New World† highlights the theme of society and individualism. Huxley uses the future world and its inhabitants to represents conflict of how the replacement of stability in place of individualism produces adverse side effects. Each society has individuals ranging from various jobs and occupations and diverse personalities and thoughts. Every member contributes to society in his or her own way. However, when people’s individuality is repressed, the whole conceptRead MoreThe Principles Of Happiness And Truth1682 Words   |  7 Pagessince everyone was raised differently and experienced different life situations. People raised in a totalitarian society may have a different definition in comparison to those raised in a democratic society. For the people of the World State from Huxley’s novel â€Å"Brave New World†, individuality was extremely looked down upon, therefore the aspect of truth was taken away and replaced with o ther principles which people believed in, by the cause of their intensely conditioned minds, and their reliance onRead MoreThe Beauty Of Dystopia By Aldous Huxley1197 Words   |  5 Pagesit lets us vicariously experience future worlds - but we still have the power to change our own. (Ally Condie). Dystopian Literature is intriguing as it exposes the reader to sometimes unconventional concepts and can also serve as a warning to what may become of society if the wrong path is chosen. In literary works of Brave New World, there are many warnings that the author Aldous Huxley establishes through events that take place in the civilized world. In this dystopian society we can observeRead MoreGeorge Orwell And Brave New World1165 Words   |  5 Pagesnovels, 1984 by George Orwell and Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, the impacts of living under radical levels of censorship and control are highlighted and indirectly scrutinized, in an allegorical manner. Written about are what these two authors believed could have become a possibility if humanity were to take a wrong turn and gives power to the wrong party and the negative influence it would have. The two books have many common ideas pertaining the methods of government that could lead to society’sRead MoreBrave New World by Aldous Huxley1093 Words   |  4 Pages Numerous connections can be drawn between the film production The Truman Show by Peter Weir and Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World. In each media, the society depicted seemed outwardly perfect, and the citizens were content. The individuals remained content through complete government control. With every society’s strength is a weakness, interestingly enough, the Achilles’ heel of both perfect societies is totalitarianism and social conditioning. The fact of the matter is that not everyone willRead MoreAllusions in Brave New World1665 Words   |  7 PagesNot only did he change how automobiles were manufactured, he changed the way people thought about technology. He made new technologies readily accessible and set the standard for the 20th century. In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, Huxley makes Ford the center-point for why the new society was created, the old one was un-happy and inefficient. Replacing God with Ford, Brave New World, showcases how Ford’s ideas could have been implemented. 2. Vladimir Lenin was the first person to make a countryRead MoreOrwells 1984 Essay1962 Words   |  8 PagesWarnings in Nineteen Eighty-Four are Irrelevant to a First-World (our) Society Nineteen Eighty-Four (referred to as 1984 from here on) written by George Orwell is a cautionary novel set in a totalitarian society maintained and controlled by the government through censorship, fear, and a total lack of human rights. George Orwell’s novel 1984 depicts what he saw in the society he was living in, and to warn future societies of what he thought the world was headed towards. However, my hypothesis is the warningsRead More The High Cost of Stability in Aldous Huxleys Brave New World3892 Words   |  16 PagesStability in Aldous Huxleys Brave New World Conditioning the citizens to like what they have and reject what they do not have is an authoritative government’s ideal way of maximizing efficiency. The citizens will consume what they are told to, there will be no brawls or disagreements and the state will retain high profits from the earnings. People can be conditioned chemically and physically prior to birth and psychologically afterwards. The novel, Brave New World, takes place in the futureRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Critical Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesare naturally curious. We are always in search of better ideas, and new solutions to problems. One of a basic idea of Indonesia has been freedom of thinking and a free flow of ideas. But in some societies, governments try to keep their people ignorant. Usually, this is so governments can keep people under control and hold on to their power. In trying to keep people from the realities of the world, these oppressive governments can end up damaging or even destroying their society. The protagonist

Are There Visions and Ghosts in Van Gogh Paintings

â€Å"There are no ghosts in the paintings of Van Gogh, no visions, no hallucinations. This is the torrid truth of the sun at two o’clock in the afternoon.† This quote that Antonin Artraud, stated from, Van Gogh, the Man Suicided by Society, explains the way in which Van Gogh approached his artwork. He believed in the dry truth and as a result his work was remarkably straightforward in the messages that he portrayed. While visiting Paris, France this past April, I was fortunate enough to have visited Musà ©e d’Orsay, a museum that contains mostly French art from 1848-1914 and houses a large collection of impressionist and post-impressionist masterpieces and 19th century works from the Louvre [The Oxford Companion to Western Art]. I was also†¦show more content†¦In one of Van Gogh’s letters about his life or death decision he wrote, â€Å"Just as we take the train to get to Tarascon or Rouen, we take death to reach a star† [Stokstad]. In the painting, the cypress tree is a clear symbol of his letter, meaning both death and eternal life, and is placed between the two split levels of land and heaven which points up to heaven. It is clearly evident that it represents that contrast between life and death. The brightest star in this painting is actually Venus, which symbolizes love. Along with his contemplation of life or death, this symbol represents his, â€Å"hope of gaining in death the love that had eluded him in life† [Stokstad]. This piece was made with vivid colors, much line work, and overall conveys a form of expression through movement, mood, tone, and emotion. When I look at this piece I feel for Van Gogh in the way the setting is, the dim night sky might reflect his seething for recovery. The movement of the clouds and stars perhaps resemble the way he wants his recovery to steadily progress. Another one of Van Gogh’s most famous paintings called, Wheat Field with Crows, was in, The Ma n Suicided by Society exhibit, and was the very last painting before Van Gogh’s suicide. As a result, it left a very prominent significance and can be read almost as a suicide notice. Executed in July of 1980, it was completed in Van Gogh’s last few weeks ofShow MoreRelatedSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 PagesWright (America’s legendary architect) .............................................................................. 15 Napoleon Hill and Think and Grow Rich (The Original Self-Help Book) ............................................... 17 Vincent van Gogh (A master painter struck by madness) ........................................................................ 19 Athletes and Sports Stars: Bethany Hamilton (Young surfer and shark-attack survivor)..............................................

Music piracy copyright law Essay Example For Students

Music piracy copyright law Essay Pirates not only trespass upon the rights of the artist involved, they also create dishonest competition at every level of the industry (Website administrator, 2009). Most of the time people in general think that music piracy is a small act and probably has no effect on the artist or the music industry, where as Statistics found on the Recording Industry Association of America showed that not only does piracy affect the artists, it also affects the hundreds and thousands of people who work with the music industry (Stores, 2012; The Digital Universe, 2012). . 0 The social significance of the debate Stealing in general is a wrong thing to do. Placida Domingo a famous opera star and also the Chairman of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IF) said in an interview that He saw his own royalties lessen with time. It seemed logical at first as Old records sell less over time said Mr.. Domingo, but gradually He stopped receiving any royalties (Lee, 2011). But then agai n people enjoy the vast number of music of different genre that is available for them to download from several websites. Though the record companies blame the music-stealing pirates for even the smallest tumble in their sales, a recent study also suggests that these moochers on the other and can also be the biggest customers to these pirates (Fitzgerald, 2012). 4. 0 The participants in the debate The leading participants in the debate are the musicians, songwriters, producers, recording engineers, the listeners, the people making a living out of stealing music (pirates), and the record companies who have expressed their differing point of views on Piracy and the consequences of piracy on the music industry (Website Administrator, 2009). . 0 The differing views 5. 1 Controversies regarding the effect of music piracy on the music industry Many people have the opinion that piracy (violating copyright or intellectual property right) can have negative consequences on the music industry. 5. 1. 1 Not paying the song royalties Artist, composers, and songwriters all those who are involved in making a song/ musi c, experience a great loss as they are losing royalty fees for their talent and hard work. Its not that their music is not creating hype among the public or is not being appreciated. People are either buying the pirated versions of their music or mostly platinum, or triple platinum status in terms of sales. Thus nowadays the up-and coming singers and new songwriters have to struggle a lot to earn their first few hundred (Ortega, 2009). 5. 1. 2 Committing a crime without realizing A study by the Columbia Universitys American Assembly (as cited in Digital Music News, 2013) published that The ARIA (Recording Industry Association of America) could fine an individual at least $1 50,000 per song illegally downloaded. On the other hand to ensure the protection of their property recording/label companies are left with no choice but to invest on products such as, copy protection technology, data encryption and restricted use technology and other software or products that restrict digital copying and downloading. These costs then have to be included into their music sadly, thus the price of their products increases which results in customers to rather look for cheaper and easier alternate (Hammond, as cited in owe. Com). . 2 Complements regarding the importance of music piracy on the music industry Despite all the controversies around, there are also people who believe that piracy (violating of copyright or intellectual property right) can also have positive effects on the music industry. . 2. 1 Access to older music no longer in print With the development of technology over time, some older music is not found in digital formats. Some old hits have even vanished from the stores as they are no longer found in print. .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 , .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 .postImageUrl , .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 , .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58:hover , .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58:visited , .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58:active { border:0!important; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58:active , .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58 .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub38e6c5069472117cf0518434731fd58:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Business Law and Ethics : Physicians and Professio EssayThis is because the way the contract between the label companies and the artist are constructed artists do not own their own music. So when an artist changes from one label company to the other after releasing a particular song or album, the label company automatically stops to release those musics any longer and stops printing them thus the old hits become dead. But because of piracy music fans can overlook the restrictions and listen to some of their favorite old songs by simply downloading them or buying the pirated versions of Cads or DVDs (Hammond, owe. Com). 5. 2. Creates devout music fans As per todays generati on the mass number of music downloaded are most likely to be teenagers who have time to listen to music almost all the time. Teenagers are not expected to have the amount of money needed to buy the original records, thus they rather depend on downloading free music. As there are vast numbers of options of efferent genre of music to download from in a short time, this seems to be the music which is expected to be there for eternity. Therefore when these teens grow up and earn their living they are most likely to buy the original records of their favorite artists and listen to them.

Ways to Prevent Air Pollution Essay Example

Ways to Prevent Air Pollution Paper How Trees Prevent Air Pollution Many cities are notorious for their dangerously high levels of air pollution and the resulting health issues, such as asthma and emphysema. Summer heat and vehicle emissions are just a few of the contributing factors that increase air pollution levels. However, healthy trees planted effectively along roads, buildings and in parking lots can decrease overall air pollution levels for city residents. Trees can remove both gaseous air pollutants and particulate matter. Gaseous air pollution enters a tree through leaf stomata and is either held in intracellular cavities or processed into usable nutrients. According to David Knacks report, The Effects of Urban Trees on Air Quality for the USDA Forest Service, particulate matter usually collects on the surface of trees. The particulates often enter the ground by either being washed off the tree by precipitation or falling to the ground with leaves and twigs. Larger trees tend to be much more effective, by approximately 70%, at removing air pollutants than smaller trees. Over the course of one year, trees removed an estimated 1,821 metric tons of air pollution in New York City. Trees reduce rounding air temperature and create their own micrometers through transpiration and the effects of tree canopies. Tree canopies not only provide shade but they also reduce solar radiation absorption and provide heat storage. The larger the tree canopy, the greater the reduction of surrounding air temperature. Decreasing air temperature is effective in reducing air pollution because many of the chemicals that create pollution are temperature dependent. Shade from trees planted In parking lots can create small reductions, 1 to 2%, of the levels of harmful emissions produced from AR ignitions. We will write a custom essay sample on Ways to Prevent Air Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ways to Prevent Air Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ways to Prevent Air Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Trees can keep buildings cooler in the summer and more insulated in winter. By blocking solar radiation and creating a cooler micrometers, trees offer buildings protection from summer heat. During winter, trees can provide effective wind breaks and block drafts from entering structures. This lowers the amount of energy used to heat or cool the building and reduces the air pollution created in the production of energy. For trees to be the most effective in improving air quality they need to be placed in appropriate locations. According to Francisco Scooped in his article, Urban Forests in Florida: Do they reduce air pollution? on the University of Florida BIAS Extension website, scattered trees are less effective in reducing air pollution. Stands of trees or dense evergreens provide more effective removal of particulate matter and protection from solar radiation than scattered deciduous trees. Trees surrounding buildings should be placed in areas that provide protection from solar radiation in summer and block winter wind. The types of trees used are as important as their placement. Healthy, hardy and long lived trees are the best choice. Avoiding trees that quire frequent maintenance will lower the amount of pollution emitted by fossil-fueled machines like chainsaws, leaf blowers and wood chippers. Knacks studies revealed that mulberry, cherry, linden and honeysuckle trees were especially effective in reducing ozone levels. Trees help to settle out, trap and hold particle pollutants (dust, ash, pollen and smoke) that can damage human lungs. Trees absorb CA and other dangerous gases and, in turn, replenish the atmosphere with oxygen. Trees produce enough oxygen on each acre for 18 people every day. Trees absorb enough CA on each acre, ever a years time, to equal the amount you produce when you drive your car 26,000 miles. Trees remove gaseous pollutants by absorbing them through the pores in the leaf surface. Particulates are trapped and filtered by leaves, stems and twigs, and washed to the ground by rainfall. Air pollutants injure trees by damaging their foliage and impairing the process of photosynthesis (food making). They also weaken trees making them more susceptible to other health problems such as insects and diseases. The loss of trees in our urban areas not only intensifies the urban heat-island effect from loss of hade and evaporation, but we lose a principal absorber of carbon dioxide and trapper of other air pollutants as well. Some of the major air pollutants and their primary sources are: Carbon dioxide: Burning oil, coal, natural gas for energy. Decay and burning of tropical forests. Sulfur dioxide: Burning coal to generate electricity. Hydrogen fluoride and silicon tetrachloride: Aluminum and phosphate fertilizer production, oil refineries, and steel manufacturing. Ozone: Chemical reactions of sunlight on automobile exhaust gases. Ozone is a major pollutant in smog. Methane: Burning fossil fuels, livestock waste, landfills and rice production. Nitrous oxides: Burning fossil fuels and automobile exhausts. Chlorofluorocarbons: Air conditioners, refrigerators, industrial foam. The burning of fossil fuels for energy and large scale forest fires such as in the tropics are major contributors to the buildup of CA in the atmosphere. Managing and protecting forests and planting new trees reduces CA levels by storing carbon in their roots and trunk and releasing oxygen into the atmosphere. Trees help to settle out, trap and hold particle Laotians (dust, ash, pollen and smoke) that can damage human lungs. Trees absorb CA and other dangerous gases and, in turn, replenish the atmosphere with oxygen. Trees produce enough oxygen on each acre for 18 people every day. Trees absorb enough CA on each acre, over a years time, to equal the amount you produce when you drive your car 26,000 miles. Trees remove gaseous pollutants by absorbing them through the pores in the leaf surface. Particulates are trapped and filtered by leaves, stems and twigs, and washed to the ground by rainfall. Air pollutants injure trees by damaging heir foliage and impairing the process of photosynthesis (food making). They also weaken trees making them more susceptible to other health problems such as insects and diseases. The loss of trees in our urban areas not only intensifies the urban heat-island effect from loss of shade and evaporation, but we lose a principal absorber of carbon dioxide and trapper of other air pollutants as well. Some Of the major air pollutants and their primary sources are: Carbon dioxide: Burning Oil, coal, natural gas for energy. Decay and burning of tropical forests. Sulfur dioxide: Burning coal to generate electricity. Hydrogen fluoride and silicon tetrachloride: Aluminum and phosphate fertilizer production, oil refineries, and steel manufacturing. Ozone: Chemical reactions of sunlight on automobile exhaust gases. Ozone is a major pollutant in smog. Methane: Burning fossil fuels, livestock waste, landfills and rice production. Nitrous oxides: Burning fossil fuels and automobile exhausts. Chlorofluorocarbons: Air conditioners, refrigerators, industrial foam. The burning of fossil fuels for energy and large scale forest fires such as in the ropier are major contributors to the buildup of CA in the atmosphere. Managing and protecting forests and planting new trees reduces CA levels by storing carbon in their roots and trunk and releasing oxygen into the atmosphere. Trees and other vegetation must use what is in their environment. So it is not surprising to find that they absorb pollutants (natural or man made) which may be absorbed successfully or may cause the vegetation to die. Vegetation plays an unexpectedly large role in cleansing the atmosphere, a new study finds. The research, led by scientists at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Cool. , uses observations, gene expression studies, and Computer modeling to show that deciduous plants absorb about a third more of a common class of air-polluting chemicals than previously thought. The ways that trees can help to clean the air should not be overlooked. Trees are an important, cost-effective solution to reducing pollution and improving air quality. Trees help to lower air temperatures and the urban heat island affect. This reduction of temperature not only lowers energy use, it also improves air quality, as the formation of zone is dependent on temperature. Trees also reduce pollution by actively removing it from the atmosphere. Leaf stomata, the pores on the leaf surface, take in polluting gases which are then absorbed by water inside the leaf. Some species of trees are more susceptible to the uptake of pollution, which could negatively affect plant growth. Ideally, trees should be selected that take in higher quantities of polluting gases and are resistant to the negative affects they can causes study across the Chicago region determined that trees removed approximately 17 tons of carbon monoxide (CO), 93 tons of lawful dioxide (ASS), 98 tons of nitrogen dioxide (NON), and 210 tons of ozone in 1 991. The new study, results of which are being published this week in Science Express, was conducted with co-authors from the University of Northern Colorado and the University of Arizona. Plants clean our air to a greater extent than we had realized, says NCAR scientist Thomas Karl, the lead author. They actively consume certain types of air pollution. The research team focused on a class of chemicals known as oxygenated volatile organic compounds (Voss), which can have long-term impacts on the environment and human health. The team has made significant progress in understanding the complex interactions between plants and the atmosphere, says Anne-Marie Schmeltzer of Ann.s Division of Atmospheric and Space Sciences. The compounds form in abundance in the atmosphere from hydrocarbons and other chemicals that are emitted from both natural sourcesincluding plants?and sources related to human activities, including vehicles and construction materials. Eventually, some Voss may evolve into tiny airborne particles, known as aerosols, that have important effects on clouds and human health-By measuring VOCE levels in a number of ecosystems in the United States and other countries, the researchers determined that deciduous plants appear to be taking up the compounds at an unexpectedly fast rateas much as four times more rapidly than previously thought. The uptake was especially rapid in dense forests and most evident near the tops of forest canopies, which accounted for as much as 97 percent of the VOCE uptake that was observed. The scientists moved their research into their laboratories and focused on poplar trees. The species offered a significant advantage in that its genome has been sequenced. The team found that when the study trees were under stress, either because of a physical wound or because of exposure to an irritant such as ozone pollution, they began sharply increasing their uptake of Voss. At the same time, changes took place in expression levels Of certain genes that indicated heightened metabolic activity in the poplars. The uptake of Voss, the scientists concluded, appeared to be part of a larger metabolic cycle. Len order to metabolize these chemicals, the plants start increasing the levels of enzymes that transform the chemicals into less toxic substances. At the same time, as it turns out, the plant draws down more Voss, which can be metabolize by the enzymes. Our results show that plants can actually adjust their metabolism and increase their uptake of atmospheric chemicals as a response to various types of stress, says Channel Bass of the University of Northern Colorado, a co-author. This complex metabolic process within plants has the side effect of cleansing our atmosphere. Once they understood the extent to which plants absorb Voss, the research team fed he information into a computer model that simulates chemicals in the atmosphere worldwide. The results indicated that, on a global level, plants are taking in 36 percent more Voss than had previously been accounted for in studies of atmospheric constitutionalitys, since plants are directly removing the Voss, fewer of the compounds are evolving into aerosols. A poet (Joyce Killer) once said: l think that shall never see A poem lovely as a tree.

Free Essays on A Tale Of Two Murders

A tale of two murders: Comparing the "The Cask of Amontillado" and "The Tell-Tale Heart.† Edgar Allan Poe has often been considered the father of the psychological thriller. Two of his best examples are "The Tell-Tale Heart" and "The Cask of Amontillado." Both are excellent short stories that tell of murder, revenge, and madness. The narrators of "The Tell-Tale Heart" and the "The Cask of Amontillado" are trying to convince the reader of their sanity but have only become victims of the madness, which they had hoped to escape. By analyzing the differences and the similarities of "The Cask of Amontillado" and "The Tell-Tale Heart," one can see that Poe uses a certain approach in creating these two works. Poe has been the center of many critical studies; most trying to dissect his mind and get into the heart and meaning of his work, "Criticism now tends to ask, not whether Poe is a great writer, but why" (Buranelli 132). Poe's characters in both "The Tell-Tale Heart" and "The Cask of Amontillado" confess of murder. Not only do they both commit murder, but they also escape external punishment and suffer endless internal turmoil. Therefore, "The punishment comes not from a church, a law, or even from society: it comes from some inner compulsion of the evil-doer himself who suffers...Thus he has willed his crime and he wills his retribution" (Davidson 189). Both characters take the lives of the men in the stories with little regard, "These characters are themselves god-players" (Davidson 189). In "The Tell-Tale Heart" the narrator confesses to the unsuspected police to receive his punishment, " in this respect the god easily passes into the devil and becomes his maker and his slayer both"(Davidson 190). In both stories, the reader becomes quickly aware of the fact that both narrators are not reliable. The narrators feel that they performed the murders so calmly so there is no way they could be mad. In both stories the narrator is continuall... Free Essays on A Tale Of Two Murders Free Essays on A Tale Of Two Murders A tale of two murders: Comparing the "The Cask of Amontillado" and "The Tell-Tale Heart.† Edgar Allan Poe has often been considered the father of the psychological thriller. Two of his best examples are "The Tell-Tale Heart" and "The Cask of Amontillado." Both are excellent short stories that tell of murder, revenge, and madness. The narrators of "The Tell-Tale Heart" and the "The Cask of Amontillado" are trying to convince the reader of their sanity but have only become victims of the madness, which they had hoped to escape. By analyzing the differences and the similarities of "The Cask of Amontillado" and "The Tell-Tale Heart," one can see that Poe uses a certain approach in creating these two works. Poe has been the center of many critical studies; most trying to dissect his mind and get into the heart and meaning of his work, "Criticism now tends to ask, not whether Poe is a great writer, but why" (Buranelli 132). Poe's characters in both "The Tell-Tale Heart" and "The Cask of Amontillado" confess of murder. Not only do they both commit murder, but they also escape external punishment and suffer endless internal turmoil. Therefore, "The punishment comes not from a church, a law, or even from society: it comes from some inner compulsion of the evil-doer himself who suffers...Thus he has willed his crime and he wills his retribution" (Davidson 189). Both characters take the lives of the men in the stories with little regard, "These characters are themselves god-players" (Davidson 189). In "The Tell-Tale Heart" the narrator confesses to the unsuspected police to receive his punishment, " in this respect the god easily passes into the devil and becomes his maker and his slayer both"(Davidson 190). In both stories, the reader becomes quickly aware of the fact that both narrators are not reliable. The narrators feel that they performed the murders so calmly so there is no way they could be mad. In both stories the narrator is continuall...

Release the geek! - Emphasis

Release the geek! Release the geek! Below are the correct and incorrect versions of some of the most commonly misspelt words. Can you unmask the criminal mistakes? They’ll get away with it if not for you meddling kids. Go on, let your inner geek out to play. Share this link and challenge your colleagues to a spell-off. You know you want to 1. neccessarynecessaryneccesary 2. separateseperateseprate 3. receivedrecievedreceeved 4. occuredoccurredocurred 5. definitelydefinately6.grammergrammar7.predjudiceprejudiceprejujice 8. minusculeminiscule 9. occasionoccassionocassion 10. proffesionalprofessional 11. accomodateaccommodateaccommadate 12. religeousreligiousreligous 13. harrassharass 14. questionnairequestionairrequestionnairre15. occurrenceoccurranceoccurence 16. mischiefousmischievousmischievious 17. embarrassembarassembarras 18. connoisseurconnoiseurconnoissouir 19. cemetarycemeterycemetry20.changeablechangablechangeible Once you have your score, why not leave us a message in the comments section below to let us know how you got on? And if you have any spelling tips youd like to share, such as mnemonics, wed love to hear them.

Business GP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business GP - Essay Example Other areas are also important so explained briefly; the blind spot is what others know about a certain individual, but which the individual does not know about himself, the hidden area which is known only to the individual himself, and the unknown area consists which is unknown to the individual and the others as well. The open area can be used to communicate effectively within the organization. The open area is very important because this introduces the new team members, which in this case would be the Working Better group. When we work in this area, we are at our best and also productive. The open arena is actually seen where good cooperation and communications occur. Also when different teams are grouped, the size of the open area can be expanded horizontally into the blind space so that individuals can learn more about themselves. This can be done by seeking and actively listening to feedback from other people. This can be done by anonymous slips so as to ensure privacy. This cannot be done immediately until or unless the people actually get to know each other first. Ice breakers heighten the effectiveness of training sessions, which will be particularly significant in this conference. On the first day, everyone needs to introduce himself/herself and this can be done in a comfortable manner through the ice breaker exercises. One exercise that can be done effectively is that after everyone has stated their names, a manual can be handed out to any random person that he/she should start with any word. That same person will ask the next person to continue with any other word. For example, the person with the manual states ‘I’, the person next to him might say ‘am’ and this continues on. Not only it shows dependency on other team members which illustrates that team work is important, it creates humor when people can come up with any random words, hence breaking

Should the Outside World Intervene to Help the Victims of Violence In Research Paper

Should the Outside World Intervene to Help the Victims of Violence In Syria - Research Paper Example This report declsres that in Assad’s absence the major players who can decide Syria’s fate will be divided along sectarian lines. Iran with the Shiite majority and the rebels with a Sunni majority are already at clashes over the deep sectarian divide. But the overall opinion is that Assad has to go because his regime will not be able to hang in for very long. This paper makes a conclusion that the international discourse regarding whether or whether not outside intervention will actually be beneficial for Syria is an ongoing debate that has garnered varying opinions of people who are against it and people who propagate the move. Based upon the secondary research on the topic it seems that for Syria, the better option is to go with outside intervention. This is because the internal situation in Syria is worsening regardless and internal measures to resolve the situation have already failed. The cost that the Syrian people have borne in the wake of this civil war is catastrophic in its sheer degree and as time passes, this only gets worse. Outside intervention represents to Syria a way out of this mess, a resolution of sorts and eventual freedom from Assad’s regime. While many analysts are of the opinion that outside intervention will make things worse, it seems that this will only be the case initially if so. In the longer run, outs ide intervention will be beneficial for Syria and its people.

Teanage Driving Essay Example for Free

Teanage Driving Essay Imagine you just hit a car head-on. It’s probably because you are under the influence. This is why experts say the driving age should be raised to age 18. The minimum driving age differs from state to state. The lowest driving age in the United States is 13. That is in the state of Nebraska. You have to be thirteen years old qualify for a â€Å"farm husbandry permit.† The 13 year old can operate off-road vehicles used in farming. The government is considering raising the legal driving age. It should be raised because most of the teens who will or are driving will be doing things they know they should not do. They do things like texting on their cell phone and speeding over the limit. It is also because they are under peer pressure. Car accidents are mostly caused be teenagers. They take their own lives when they don’t wear their seat belts or are out past their curfews. The law keeps the voting age at 18 and buying alcohol at 21 but let a 16 years old have the responsibility of taking the busy streets. The legal driving age should be raised to age 18 because most teenagers are not responsible, most teens text while driving, and lives can be saved. First, the driving age should be raised because most teens are not responsible. Car crashes that are caused by teenage drivers are the number one killer of teens in America today. They kill most between 15 and 21 year old. 13% of teens said that they have been in a car with the driver had drunk alcohol before driving. 14% of teens say that they drive after drinking. 36% of teens say that they had ridden with a driver who had been drinking. Motor vehicle crashes kill between 5,000 to 6,000 people every year. Driving is something that requires focus and decision making. Teenagers are still developing self-control and appropriate emotional responses to a situation that might be going on. â€Å"Road rage† is used to describe the emotional response of something like anger or frustration that teens can experience while behind the wheel. Some teenagers’ get hurt just because they know that they should put on their seat belt and they don’t. Also, it is because the teenager doesn’t go home at their curfew. If a teenager wears his seat belt; it reduces the risk of dying by 45%. Teenagers are the youngest people to not wear their seat belt. Teenage drivers are more likely to have a car accident since they’re under the influence of alcohol. A driver’s license provides privileges other than driving. Four out of six teens that drinks and drive kill drivers 20 or younger that result in a fatal crash. One out of three teens will have a car accident within the first two years of driving. Secondly, the driving age should be raised because teens are texting while driving. 56% of teenagers answer and make phone calls while they are driving. 13% of teens say that they have sent and responded to text messages while driving. 45% of teens said that they would speak up if someone else was driving in a way that scared them. Texting while driving gives you a four times of a chance to having a car accident. Distracted drivers account for 80% of crashes that was from 18 to 20 year old. If we get teenagers off of the roads, then there would be fewer car crashes. Next, if teenagers don’t drive, lives can be saved. Allison Reboratti was a 19 year old. She had boyfriend named Steven Filipak. They both are in the state of Pennsylvania. Steven had driven them to Steven’s friend’s house. Steven got drunk and passed out. When he got conscious the both of them left. He got conscious on the early morning of May 9, 2001. Allison had let Steven drive the car home. Neither of them had their seat belt on when Steven had lost control of the car. He had hit a sign post, a fence, and an evergreen tree. Someone had called the paramedics. When the paramedics arrived, Allison was found dead lying across Steven’s lap. Steven was breathing, but unconscious. He was taken to the hospital. He had broken bones and brain damage. He had to stay in the hospital for five months. This story proves that the driving age should be raised. Male drivers between the ages of 15 and 20 were involved in fatal crashes. 37% were speeding and 26% were dri nking. Five percent of teenagers admit to driving a car after drinking alcohol. Eight hundredths percent of drivers have alcohol in their blood. Almost three out of four teen drivers were killed in a crash after drinking and driving and they wasn’t wearing a seat belt. 56% of teen’s deaths occur on Friday, Saturday, or Sunday. Fatal crashes rate from 16 to 19 year old. Teenage drivers are more likely to get into a car accident than older drivers. 55% of teens said that they go over ten miles per hour the limit. Some teens even go over 80 miles per hour while driving. 17% of teens say that they think that speeding is fun. 44% of teen’s said that they would drive more safely if their friends were not in the car. 67% of teens said that they felt unsafe would when someone else was driving. 37% of teens say that they would ride with one or more friends who speed in the coming year. Over 40% of teen crashes deaths occur between 9 P.M. and 6 A.M. 60% of teens’ auto deat hs occur before midnight. Therefore, the driving age should be raised to age 18. It should be raised because most teenagers are not responsible, text while driving, and lives can be saved. Also, it should be raised because most teenagers under age drink and their drinking leads to them having car accidents. Teenagers kill thousands of people every year. Lots of teenagers make and answer phone calls while they are driving. In addition, teens kill more people than mid-aged adults. That concludes the reasons why the driving age should be raised to age 18.

Apollos Oracle at Delphi Essay -- ancient Greek beliefs and prophecies

The Oracle of Apollo at Delphi is shrouded in myth and mystery, but one thing is certain, their prophetic influence stretched far and wide and was detrimental in shaping Greece. Neither war nor boundary was determined without conferring the Delphic Oracle first. The Oracle of Apollo was held in high regard by the likes of "Plutarch, Plato, Aristotle, and Diodorus" (Broad 10). The Trojan War and Theban War were in part responses to the Oracle's forecasts (Fontenrose 4). The Delphic Oracle shaped the decision of Spartans and consulted the "Greek states at the time of the Persian War" (Fontenrose 6). For well over a millennium, devotees would continue to seek the Delphic Oracle's counsel. The Greek legacy is riddled with her prophecies. Delphi, Greece's relative geographic location is in the center of Greece. According to Richard Haywood, its location could literally be the reason that the "Delphic Oracle was near the center of Greek life for centuries" (112). Delphi was inhabited as early as the Bronze Age. The Oracle's existence is believed to have appeared as early as the 8th century BCE (Scott 11). Several stories exist to explain the origins of Delphi. One myth says that Zeus released two eagles "from opposite ends of the world and they met at Delphi" signifying the geographic center of the earth (Scott 36). Another myth claims the word Delphi was obtained directly from a Greek word meaning "womb", indicating the birthplace of the world (Scott 36). However, the Homeric Hymn to Apollo written "between the late 7th century BCE and mid-sixth century BCE" tells the tale of Delphi's genesis in a different light. According to the Homeric tale, Apollo traveled throughout Greece in search of the perfect site for his temple. H... ...'s future, creating a blurred line between the real and fantastical. Fact and fiction continues to cohabitate in the daily debate and rituals of Modern Greece and it is quite possible that the Delphic Oracle is to praise and/or to blame. Works Cited Broad, William J. The Oracle: The Lost Secrets and Hidden Message of Ancient Delphi. New York: Penguin, 2006. Print. Fontenrose, Joseph Eddy. The Delphic Oracle, Its Responses and Operations. Berkeley: U of California. Print. Haywood, Richard. "THE DELPHIC ORACLE." Archaeology 5.2 (1952): 110-18. JSTOR. Web. 25 May 2014. . Lehoux, Daryn. "Drugs and the Delphic Oracle." Classical World 101.1 (2007): 41-56. Web. Scott, Michael. Delphi a History of the Center of the Ancient World. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2014. Print.

Family in African-American Literature Essay

In literary pieces such as Alice Walker’s story â€Å"Everyday Use†, Langston Hughes’ â€Å"My People†, and Robert Hayden’s poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays†, the theme of family relationships is significantly evident. In â€Å"Everyday Use†, Walker presents one stage and aspect of a family life when one adult child chooses to live on her own while the other one stays with the family. Hughes’ poem portrays his love for his people which he considers to be a family as a whole. Meanwhile, Hayden’s â€Å"Those Winter Sundays†, talks about the narration and description of a boy about his father whom he is not well acquainted with. As the first piece speaks of a story about a family in relation to their heritage, the latter speaks of a boy’s reminiscence of a father who was never able to show his love directly to his children. These two aspects of family relationships reveal several angles to look upon.   Such family situations are influenced by authors’ own race and heritage. Alice Walker portrays the story of a fully grown-up daughter, Dee, who goes back to home to her home to visit her mother, Mrs. Johnson and her younger sister, Maggie. She arrives accompanied by an African American Muslim man who is currently dating her. She comes home to collect some family possessions which she intends to turn into artistic pieces to be exhibited in a museum. Meanwhile, her sister Maggie grimaces as her sister takes some of their personal belongings including a quilt that her mother has promised to give her as a wedding present. Dee tells her mother that Maggie would only ruin the quilt by using it everyday which puzzles Mrs. Johnson as she could not think of any way to use the quilt than to spread them. When Mrs. Johnson sees the sadness in her younger daughter’s eyes upon Dee taking the quilt, she snatches it away and gives it to Maggie. Dee walks away after claiming that their problem is they do not understand their own heritage (Walker). In this story, Walker portrays a family whose eldest daughter has become estranged from them. In the first part of the story, Mrs. Johnson recounts how Dee had hated living in their house and even almost set it on fire when she was young. The concept of a dysfunctional family is quite present here; however, it focuses more on the mother-child relationship rather than every member of the family. It is important to note that Walker made use of the damaged relationship of Dee to her mother and sister to show and illustrate the different types of African American people. On the other hand, Langston Hughes shows his love and appreciation for his people in his poem â€Å"My People†. He does not speak of family but his tone and use of words make it seem as if he is speaking of his beloved family. â€Å"The night is beautiful, / So the faces of my people† (lines 1-2). The possessive pronoun â€Å"my† indicates a certain intimacy between him and â€Å"his† people which is usually used for referring to a small group of people who shares something intimate and common such as â€Å"my family†. In this regard, Hughes speaks highly of his race as if he is talking about a family he loves most. â€Å"The stars are beautiful, /  So the eyes of my people† (3-4). The comparison of his people to the heavens indicates the depth of his love and care for them as he would to his family. â€Å"Beautiful, also, is the sun. / Beautiful, also, are the souls of my people† (5-6). In the poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays†, it can be assumed that Robert Hayden personally speaks through the voice of the speaker in his poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays†. His distant relationship with his father is evident. In this melancholic poem, he narrates about the concealed appreciation of a son for his father’s acts of love by means of writing it in a prose. The narrator tells about the labors of his father even on a cold winter Sunday. However, in the poem, the speaker emphasizes that his father’s great efforts are usually ignored. The title of the poem itself already suggests a background for the readers. The speaker is obviously focused only on the â€Å"winter Sundays† and why it means too much work for the father. In the first stanza of the poem, the detailed description of the speaker’s father is very noticeable. He illustrated him by means of mentioning his physical condition as he works on cold Sundays. He could have described it in a clearer way by going straight to the point.   Nevertheless, he expressed his father’s poor countenance in a way that the reader can visualize the father’s hands cracked hands and the busy Sundays. The first two lines of the poem somewhat develops a thesis that would cover the whole idea in the poem. â€Å"Sundays too my father got up early / And put his clothes on in the blueblack cold,† (1-2). Sundays should be a day of rest but the speaker stresses that his father still wakes up even before the sun rose to go to work. He further highlights the weary countenance of his father as he describes his father’s â€Å"cracked hands that ached / from labor in the weekday weather made / Banked fires blaze† (3-5). The poem further shows how heartbreaking the father’s situation must be by writing the last line of the first stanza with, â€Å"No one ever thanked him† (5). With the last line, it is reasonable to consider that the speaker is one of those people who failed to thank him. In this regard, it can be assumed that the speaker is already in his old or middle age when he remembers how his father has shown him love in his own way. Clearly, these renowned African-American writers have frequently used the theme of family relationships to further address the problems of their society. The issues of racism, nationalism, and love are the implicit ideas which are present in the three literary pieces discussed. These authors portrays different types of African-American families which serves as the representation of the current society that they are in. since the family is the basic unit of society, it is the primary target of societal effects such as racism and other social issues. Every problem of the society can become the problem of the family which is why the most meaningful literary works of art somewhat involves the theme of family relationships. Works Cited Hayden, Robert. â€Å"Those Winter Sundays.† The Oxford Anthology of African-American Poetry. Ed. Arnold Rampersad, Hilary Herbold. United States of America: Oxford University Press US, 2006. 261. Hughes, Langston. â€Å"My People.† Poem Hunter. 19 April 2009. Walker, Alice. Everyday Use. Ed. Barbara Christian. United States of America: Rutgers University Press, 1994.

Diversity, Inclusion, Equality & Participation Essay

†¢Diversity is the differences between individual and groups in society such as culture, belief, faith, background, skills, gender, ethnic origins, sexuality, family structure, appearance, social, values, knowledge, attitudes and life experience of a person from any group or community. When it is conjoined with equality it is about understanding an individual and group differences and instilling peace, harmony, value and respect of diversity both in the community and work setting. Every person from any group must be respected for their individuality and for who they are. †¢Inclusion is used within an educational setting and is a term used for stamping out discrimination based on sexual orientation, gender, disability, class, ethnicity, faith or background. It is about recognising and understanding that all children have the right to a wide range of facilities, learning and opportunities. In other words every child and young person or adult must be given equality of opportunity and allowed access to any form of education and care by meeting the individual’s specific needs. †¢Equality is to make sure that everyone has the same rights as anyone else to make a contribution to society and to be treated fairly no matter what race, gender, language, sexual orientation, age disability, religious beliefs, social origin, marital status and any other personal identity. †¢Participation is when practitioners participate to protect and promote the rights of the child allowing them to express themselves, have a choice and have a say if they wish to do so, in no way should they be forced, influenced or manipulated to prevent them from thinking freely and expressing their opinions. Practitioners should provide clear information about access to resources and provision to all children and their families and even he community. IMPORTANCE OF ANTI-DISCRIMINATORY OR ANTI-BIAS PRACTICE Anti-discriminatory or anti-bias practice is to actively prevent discrimination via words and actions. It also prevents prejudice towards any group or individual. It is a fabulous way of promoting equal opportunities. Practitioners do this by making sure that everybody involved with the  setting is treated equally in a non-biased way. All policies and procedures must demonstrate positive inclusive attitudes towards all members of the setting regardless of their age, gender, background, culture or their needs. Every single activity carried out in the setting concerning children, young people and their families must be underpinned with anti-discriminatory practice by the early year’s staff as they play a major role in promoting equal opportunities and being inclusive towards all children. Anti-discriminatory practice is to implement the settings equal opportunities policy in every area and aspect of the setting from setting out activities to having group discussions. Practitio ners must make sure every child is included and they achieve the best. APPLYING ANTI-DISCRIMINATORY / ANTI BIAS PRACTICE 1.Providing dolls which have needs such as hearing aids or intravenous lines. 2.Providing clothing of different cultures for role play. 3.Look at wall displays is there any stereo typical images such as a female nurse and a male doctor etc. 4.Celebrating diversity by joining in as a class such as learning about and celebrating ‘Chinese New Year’ or ‘Diwali’. 5.Books showing diversity and equality such as a book about the ‘Olympic Game Champions’. 6.‘Mirror Activity’ by getting children to view themselves and paint/draw a picture and see how we are different. 7.Decorative displays showing no stereo types. 8.Dolls dressing up clothes representing different cultures. 9.Dressing up clothes representing different professions. 10.Variety of toys during free flow, encourage boys and girls to play with a variety different toys which are normally branded as ‘girls’ or ‘boys’. Looking at number 5 I would plan this activity keeping in mind how I can implement inclusion and equal opportunities. I would show them a short clip if possible or a book of the Olympic Games which shows the champions who are from different races, gender, age and needs some of the champions even use special equipment to aid their needs such as a wheel chair. I will praise them as they are so motivated, successful and have achieved amazing results. I will give every child the opportunity to participate, I will provide open  questions allowing them to express themselves and clear the air of any misconceptions they may have in a positive way. Hopefully this activity will promote a feeling of self-worth, motivation and sense of achieving positive goals in life. Looking at 4 I would plan ahead by doing research on the background of the celebration so that I can answer any questions in a child friendly way that the children may ask. I will promote inclusion and equal opportunities giving every child a chance to participate in the discussion if they wish to do so. I will accommodate for every child’s needs such as effective communication, provide support, promote independence and additional equipment if required. We will all look at books looking at the beauty, colorful art and customs linked with the celebration and attempt to make and participate in it too such as making a painting of a dragon for Chinese New Year or making a lamp out of clay for Diwali. Looking at number 9, I would play a game with the group asking the children what do they want to be when their big, I could show them images of people in roles that a not stereo typical. I can even wear items of clothing that may fit me such as a builder’s hat. If a child has not decided what they want to wear I can encourage them to wear uniform that is not stereo typical I can ask them if they were a girl if they would like to be fire officer or if they were a boy I may ask them if they would like to be a nurse etc. SCOPE AND PURPOSE OF THE EARLY YEARS SECTOR Scope- the extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with or to which it is relevant. â€Å"we widened the scope of our investigation† Purpose- the reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists. â€Å"the purpose of the meeting is to appoint a trust  (Oxford Dictionary)

Back and Leg Pain Associated w essays

Back and Leg Pain Associated w essays Several forms of injury affect the vertebral discs. Disc bulges, for instance, are more broad-based injuries, while disc herniations tend to be more focal. Complete tears of the annulus result in disc extensions, while free fragments of the annulus cause disc sequestrations. All of these forms of disc injury can cause pain in both the back and extremities, and the symptoms worsen as the injuries progress from bulges to sequestrations. Most commonly, pain is due to nerve root compression by the protruding disc. However, 5-10% of cases of pain associated with disc protrusions are not due to nervous impingement. Several studies have been conducted to explain the cause of back and leg pain in the absence of nerve root compression. Most notably are the studies that demonstrate the stimulation of sympathetics innervating the structures of the vertebral column. Bogduk, Jenkins, and others have shown the annulus to be well innervated by both sensory and sympathetic fibers. Injury to the disc can thus cause localized pain in the back as well as referred pain to the legs. The sinuvertebral nerve is most commonly affected and may be irritated by the bulging disc. Jenkins also determined that referred pain zones in the back and extremities were not dermatomal (relating to nerve root impingement) but rather the result of irritation of the sympathetic nerves of the sinuvertebral nerve. In addition, studies have shown that mechanoreceptors, nociceptors, and chemoreceptors all detect changes in the disc due to distension of the disc. These conditions may all further heighten the sense of pain. Phospholipase A, bradykinin, histamine, and other chemicals and enzymes present during disc injuries influence the chemoreceptors that may cause the pain of disc protrusions. Other studies have also correlated inflammation and edema to the pain associated with disc bulges and herniations. ...

Why Good Writing Skills Are Important in Todays Workplace

Why Good Writing Skills Are Important in Todays Workplace Why Good Writing Skills Are Important in Todays Workplace In today’s digital world, people seem to overlook writing skills as something that’s not as important as a strong resume. While that may be the case for some professions, effective paper writing and expressing your thoughts in a clear and cohesive way will get you far and beyond your peers. What is it that makes good writing such a necessity in today’s average workplace? How do I get better at writing? The short answer to attaining good paper writing skills is to read; a lot. Reading is the best way to expand your vocabulary and knowledge of different styles of writing and tones of voice. It’s a subconscious process that requires you to invest time to work on your writing skills before you even start writing.W Once you do start writing, it’s all about trial-and-error. You will make mistakes at first and that’s a part of the process. What’s important is to keep track of these mistakes and use them to write better the next time. There are numerous tutorials and guides on how to write and format specific documents in order to make your paper writing as presentable as it can be. The fact of the matter is that you are never too old, or too young to start developing your writing skills. Be sure to take time and study these formats and styles, since you won’t have so much free time once you are actually employed and use your writing on a daily basis. Good writing helps you get a job Before even talking about why writing skills are important at your workplace, let’s talk about applying for a job. Good essay writing skills will help you craft an amazing motivational letter that will help you not only express your future goals but also help you introduce yourself to your future employer. Not only does good writing help you express yourself, it also shows the employer that you have a good grasp of English and that you can use proper formatting, grammar and proofread your writing. There’s nothing worse than submitting a job application only to later find out that you didn’t proofread it and it’s full of errors. There are services online that can help you make your writing the best there is, but like any other skill, it takes time and patience to perfect. You will be happy for every minute you spend honing your writing skills however, since they are the best way to make a good first impression on your future employer. Writing skills help you progress faster Like your job application, what you do after you are hired speaks as much volume about you. The moment you start answering mail, writing papers and reports and basically doing any kind of written communication inside or outside your workplace, your writing skills will begin to show. What you show at this point is up to you, and it is highly advised that you work on your writing skills as much as possible. Exhibiting the same professional and thorough approach to paper writing will help your bosses notice you. This way you can progress up the structural ladder in your company or firm much faster, since you’re obviously a professional worker looking for ways to advance further and have more responsibility. Your paper writing skills in corporate world will speak volumes about who you are and give credibility to every word you write. People are much more likely to trust and follow a person with good writing skills than someone who can’t even properly format his e-mail. You need to be aware that in corporate world, many of your colleagues won’t see you eye-to-eye except on breaks and occasional coffee sessions. This means that they will communicate with you via mail, messages and official company correspondence. It is imperative that you use proper writing skills when you conduct this type of communication. Writing helps you develop leadership skills Any manager or executive will tell you that writing skills directly affect the way you lead people. Like we’ve mentioned, you will conduct most of your communication indirectly, and since this is the case, proper paper writing skills are essential in leading a team of people. Good writing skills will help you delegate assignments and manage your people a lot easier since you will be clear and concise in your correspondences. The biggest mistake you can make is not pay attention to the briefing you are writing for your employees. This can lead to confusion, creative and productive bottlenecks or in worst cases, loss of revenue. One misinterpreted sentence will cause you lots of trouble and back-and-forth, so make sure that your writing skills are on par with the position that you are filling. Good writing will also help you develop strong critical and objective thinking towards your people. You will give clear feedback on how to improve their workflow, motivate them to accomplish their tasks in a timely manner and best of all, writing skills will help you listen. That’s right. Often an employee will come to you with a problem. Be it personal or professional, it’s up to you to respond. You need to know what to say and when to say it. If your writing skills are good, you will know exactly how to respond and help your employee get back on track with their work.

Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Questions - Assignment Example Labeling of the media and sex education damages the character of young women. She describes a dangerous connection between chastity and pornography. Valenti explains that porn in America is essential for those in virginity movement for justifying extreme regressivism. Young women see their bodies and sexuality as commodities because the society believes that their sexuality is not their own. 2- Sexual harassment, does it exist? According to the reading (The Myth of Male Decline) by coontz The size of dividend is varies across race and class, but men count on excluding women on the most desirable jobs. An average male high school graduate earns more than a female average graduate female working the same hours. The patriarchal dividend at home gives men a right to decide where the family should live and make significant financial decisions. The privilege given to men trump women approval to sex thus marital rape is not a crime. The wages of women have risen for decades, as the wages of men remain stagnant (Valenti, Pp 56). The wages of women started from a lower base because of discrimination. Even with their improvement, women earning are still low compared to men earnings. Currently women make 40 percent of full time managers. However, their wages are 73 percent of what male managers earn. There are field that are gender segregated such as schoolteachers and social workers. In the year 1980, the percentage of primary school teachers and social workers was 75 and 64 percent respectively. Currently women make 80 and 81 percent of these fields respectively. Research indicates that occupation increase for women, the net pay for those jobs go down (Mouse, Pp3). 3- Sexual discrimination is a Glass ceiling madness- according to the reading ( no girls allowed ) Glass ceiling starts remarkably early from the time a woman get into the work force. After women graduate from college and get into the work force, they encounter much discrimination. Companies believe that wome n are not as competent as men when it comes to work. A woman receives less salary than a man does even though they have the same education and training. Many men put glass ceiling for women, as they believe that females are not steady for careers. They believe that women place is at home taking care of the house and raising children. The power of a woman in the past was restricted over her future. Women were forced to depend on men because men represented women. Women were portrayed as her husband’s wife or her children’s mother. The responsibility of women was to work at home producing cloth, cooking and nursing the family. Today women want to have careers and become independent in life. Men do not understand that some women do not have a choice (The Problem That Has No Name, 3). This is because some never get married or have families of their own hence; they have no choice but to throw themselves in their job. Other women are single parents or divorced, and they need work to support their children. 4- Gender pay gap. Who needs a dollar when you have seventy-six cents? Discuss it according to the readings There is no reason to have a salary gap between a man and a woman during their first year in their job. This is because they both have the same qualifications for the job (Valenti, Pp 87). Women do not show any incapability for accomplishing their jobs, yet they are treated unequally from their male counterparts. This discrimination has gone on for months as a

How does Robert Grave's The naked and the nude (1957) use concrete Essay

How does Robert Grave's The naked and the nude (1957) use concrete diction in order to draw a distinction between the naked and the nude - Essay Example Nevertheless, the heart of the poem is the controversy between the naked and the nude. The first and probably initial meaning of nakedness is anatomical, as in the following synecdoche: "The Hippocratic eye will see In nakedness, anatomy" (ls. 3-4), but the secret meaning of the term is freedom, absence of shame and ignorance of scorn. Nudity, thus, points to the 'social' meaning of nakedness: "deficiency of dress" (4), prohibited and scorned by most people. The nude should be understood as those blaming and judging the naked with religious or moral values: "They grin a mock-religious grin Of scorn at those of naked skin" (17-18). Another meaning of nakedness is therefore the reception of scorn and hatred, addressed to both nudity and nakedness as indecent. When the person is nude, they feel themselves an anatomical pattern, a body, similar to other human bodies of the same gender, whereas nakedness indicates that each body is a unique and exceptional piece of art, as in the followin g metaphor : "And naked shines the Goddess when She mounts her lion among men" (11-12).

Leisure and toursim policy - choosen topic is future of london toursim Essay

Leisure and toursim policy - choosen topic is future of london toursim and international toursim in general - Essay Example als and evening based economic activity driven by theatres, cinemas, restaurants, bars, public houses, nightclubs and casinos, all of which attract tourists and day visitors as well as residents. [1] On the other hand, it has to be noticed that tourism is not a clear-cut sector but an all-embracing and pervasive domain of service and industrial activities. It touches upon almost all spheres of national life within the country and that is particularly the reason why a sound state policy of tourism should be essentially formulated before any significant tourism investment projects are launched. As rightly put by MacCannell, tourism is an ideological framing of history, nature and tradition; a framing that has the power to reshape culture and nature to its own needs (MacCannell 1992). Regarding specifically the leisure activities, it has been found that the participation of the public to them is really significant. A characteristic example could be the case of U.S. where the participati on of people of all ages in the leisure activities is noticeable. More specifically, according to the 1994-1995 National Survey on Recreation and the Environment, most U.S. residents over 16 years old participate in fitness activities (68.3%), swimming, (54.2%), and walking (66.7%) (Cordell 1999). As for Britain it has been found [7] that the types of leisure activities preferred by the public are differentiated from that of U.S. with nearly nine in ten adult viewers in the United Kingdom to watch television every day of the week in 2003, with nearly a quarter of viewers watching it for two to three hours a day. UK residents made a record 42.9 million holiday trips abroad in 2004, an increase from 6.7 million in 1971; Spain was the most popular destination, followed by France [7]. In order to define tourism policy we should primarily describe tourism. In this context, according to a broad definition [6] tourism is a service industry, comprising a number of tangible and intangible

Model Of Nursing And Orems Self Care Model Nursing Essay

Model Of Nursing And Orems Self Care Model Nursing Essay Salvage (2006) reports the RLT model is based on what is considered as twelve activities of living. The model determines that physical/biological, psychological, sociocultural, environmental and politicoeconomical factors all influence the way in which an individual performs these activities of living (Salvage, 2006). Healy and Timmins (2003) further add that activities of living are one of five main components that are all interconnected. Progression along the lifespan, the dependence/independence continuum, factors influencing the activities of living and the individuality in living completing the final four components. They state the model is one that focuses on the patient as an individual engaged in living throughout a lifespan and moving from dependence to independence according to age, circumstances and environment (Healy Timmins, 2003, p. 792). Healy and Timmins (2003) identify the model is used to identify a patients abilities in each of the twelve activities of living and use this data as a guide to develop an individualised care plan. Meleis (2012) defines Orems framework as one that identifies patients needs and the resulting nursing intervention necessary to enhance self-care. Johnson and Webber (2010) explain Orems Model has three interrelated concepts theory of self-care, theory of self-care deficit and theory of nursing systems. According to Orem, people require assistance when their ability to meet their own self-care needs becomes compromised (Horan, 2004). Orem identifies three categories of self-care common to all people, believing when an individual is unable to meet these needs a self-care deficit occurs (Berman et al, 2012; Fitzpatrick Whall, 2005). Orems model assesses a patients self-care ability to determine the deficit in meeting their own care. Once the deficit is established, one of five methods can be implemented to meet the patients self-care needs. Depending on the patients abilities to perform their own self-care, one of three nursing systems is utilized to meet the needs of the patient (Be rman et al, 2012). Nurses have a responsibility to consider legal and ethical issues that need to be employed when performing health assessments. Legal issues, according to Berman et al (2012) include consent, confidentiality, duty of care and negligence whilst ethical issues include non-maleficence, beneficence, respect for autonomy and justice. Otherwise known as the four principles of bioethics (Atkins, Britton de Lacey, 2011, p. 88). The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council [ANMC] have developed codes and guidelines that are a minimum standard of practice that a nurse is expected to maintain. When performing health assessments nurses must perform within their scope of practice which is based on education, knowledge, competency, extent of experience and lawful authority (ANMC, 2008). Atkins, Britton and de Lacey (2011) identify the position of power a nurse holds over a patient because of their inability to meet certain self-care needs and their reliance on the assistance of a nurse. They describe the relationship that exists between nurse and patient as a fiduciary relationship (Atkins, Britton de Lacey, 2011, p. 82). Central to this relationship is cooperation with the patient, with him/her an active member of the decision making process (Atkins, Britton de Lacey, 2011). It is recognised that the nurse has technical knowledge and expert advice however lacks sufficient knowledge and authority over a patients life. Therefore the nurse lacks the expertise to make significant decisions without the patients consent. A patient must consent to any health assessment being performed, however, the nurse first must provide sufficient and relevant information about the assessment being undertaken. Any framework implemented in the nursing environment will always come with strengths and limitations. Whilst not practising the Self-Care Model as Orem packaged it, Johnson and Webber (2010) state nurses have embraced the logic of self-care as therapeutic. This has resulted in them focusing their care focused towards helping patients meet their self-care needs rather than performing these for them. This promotes patient independence and maximizes nursing resource. Nurses have integrated principles of the model into diverse practice settings including different cultures and the world. Horan (2004) presented the use of Orems model in the field of intellectual disability and initially believed the model was too complex for successful application in this arena. His view changed when he saw the benefit the model provided to cater for individuals, with total care for one patient or just education and support for another. Meleis (2012) highlights the versality of the model with its use in preoperative and postoperative care, psychiatric, palliative and HIV patient care, ranging from geriatric patients to adolescents and children. Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) identify the model is relevant, noting its implementation in many health care institutions. Ths suggesting the model is flexible and adaptable to form an individual care plan that will meet an array of patient needs. Orems model provides a framework for intervention and in her own words states self-care deficit theory of nursing will fit into any nursing situation because it is a general theory, that is, an explanat ion of what is common to all nursing situations, not just an explanation of an individual situation (Meleis, 2012, p. 208). Irrespective of these strengths, Johnson and Webber (2010) believe Orems model is detailed and burdened with complicated language. Meleis (2012) supports their idea, suggesting the model is ambiguous, lacks clarity and can result in misinterpretation. Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) state the theory can be viewed as culturally biased due to the fact it relies on principles such as autonomy, self-determinism and self-reliance. Principles that are not adopted in all cultures. Orems model addresses how nursing actions function to enhance health therefore being a valuable tool in the lives of those whose ability to self-care is thwarted. However, Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) argue it may not make the same impact in health prevention care and promoting health. They claim its focus on self-care deficits resulting from health problems excludes a health promotion focus. Meleis (2012) supports this claim concluding that as nursing shifts to more community focus, the model will need to be supplemented with focus on health prevention and promotion care. Johnson and Webber (2010) identify that nursing would benefit from principles from a range of frameworks to enhance holistic assessment rather than limiting its practice to the boundaries of one single framework. This essay has discussed RLT Model of Nursing and Orems Self-Care Model as health care frameworks that can be used when collecting heath assessment data. It outlined legal and ethical issues underpinning the nurse-patient relationship and how these must direct any interaction with the patient when conducting health assessment. Finally, it brought attention to the strengths and weaknesses when using Orems Self-Care Model, evidence showing whilst there are limitations to the model, there are attributes that make it valuable. Whilst the clarity of the model seemed questionable due to language used, the ability the model has to cater for patients with varying capacities proved it flexible and adaptable, encouraging and promoting patient independence.

Essay Discussing Societal Conflicts in Lispeth and Story of an Hour :: Story Hour Lispeth Essays

Societal Conflicts in  Lispeth and Story of an Hour  Ã‚      "Lispeth" and "Story of an Hour" are both stories that deal with societal conflicts through their impact on the protagonist. In both stories the protagonists seem largely unaware of the conflict and resulting oppression, until events occur that force them to see it. In both stories the protagonists are ultimately "defeated" by the social conflicts; but the really important point of these stories is not winning or losing the struggle but the change that comes about as a result of the struggle. In "The Story of an Hour" Mrs. Mallard , as one would expect, is very grieved at her husband's death. But as she attempts to adjust to her new status she begins to change. The author conveys this in a couple of ways. She uses references to what is happening outside the window, "new spring life," "patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds" to show nature paralleling Mrs. Mallard's opening up. The author also describes the realization of freedom as if it were a tangible thing, "something coming after he," that she was fighting off. Her epiphany comes when she realizes that she was oppressed. In this realization she finds new strength, courage, and joy. She has not resolved the conflict; she has only become aware of it. She now knows that, although her husband was not a mean man, he imposed his will on her, and well meaning or not this was an oppressive act. It appears that she was not aware of being a prisoner until she was freed and in being free life has taken on new meaning, and she is a new person. But in the end Mr. Mallard is not dead. And, as I said, Mrs. Mallard has only discovered the conflict between men's and women's roles; she has not resolved or overcome it. But she has changed and this new person is unable to cope with the prospect of living in her old world-the shock of it kills her. One suspects that has she not died physically, she would have "died" spiritually anyway. In "Lispeth" the conflict is between two cultures: one indigenous and the other colonial. As in "The Story of an Hour" the protagonist, Lispeth, does not seem to be aware of a conflict and embraces her oppressor. In fact, she "used to lock herself into her own room for fear they might take her away.

The Effects of Media on Teenagers

As a teen, I myself think it’s pretty safe to say that TV, as well as movies and other media, are some of our primary sources of information about sex and sexuality. Statistics estimate that the average teen will be exposed to around 15000 references to sex each year on TV. TV shows and movies make it seem normal for teenagers to have sex. And let’s be honest, it probably is. But the fact of the matter is the media has a whole lot of influence over the way we perceive sexuality, and actually a great deal of it comes from the music industry, especially through music videos. You try to think of one song that’s been on MTV music channel, that hasn’t mentioned anything remotely to do with sex or a broken relationship. Now think of one music video you’ve watched on 4music channel that didn’t include one scrap of sexual imagery or expose and focus on a scantily clad female. Yeah, didn’t think you could. What’s worse is that a recent study of video games teenage boys regularly play found that the few female characters in those games are often highly sexualized—wearing tight revealing clothing and having unrealistically large breasts, and unnaturally disfiguring small waists. Is this distorting the way guys view real women? Well, sorry for the wakeup call boys, but you’re in for a shocking discovery. Another study of network television commercials found that nearly one in 4 commercials includes some type of sexual attractiveness as a base for the message. What is going on with the world? Are we so unimaginative we’ve resorted to sexual attraction as a method to persuade people to buy shampoo? Is this nation as gullible to believe that ‘when you buy this insanely expensive bottle of shampoo, you’ll automatically transform from your naught-over-average self into this booby-blonde bimbo who probably eats an average of 200 calories a day’ really? Why don’t we just change it from ‘Advertising Executives’ to freaking ‘Pornography Wholesale’ and be done with it?! Which brings me to another point. Young girls were quoted as saying that they would prefer to have cancer, lose both their parents, or live through a nuclear holocaust than be fat. You might be thinking, ‘Is this a joke? ’ I really wish it was. Because take it from someone who has grown up with only one parent, being fat is the least of your worries. And this problem isn’t limited to just girls, oh no. Because the amount of males with eating disorders has in fact doubled over the past decade. Sorry lads, but you’re not faultless. On the other hand, nobody is. Even the media can’t hide from you that basic fact – the new Rimmel girl, quite frankly, looks almost the double of a frogmouth catfish. Not that they don’t put up a good fight. Take one look at any middle-shelf magazine and you’ll see exactly what every single other woman in the country no doubt sees, – today’s airbrushed perception of the perfect beauty. The elementary trend in the media industry at present is to promote slim, almost unnaturally skinny women’s bodies, and sell it out as the only way to be accepted as beautiful. Women, especially young women, take one look at magazines, TV programmes, movies and other media products and accept this falsified version of a human being, and distressingly of all, believe in it. These images are distinguished in the mind of young women as being a role model to follow, and aspire to be like. Unfortunately girls, attaining this emaciated look doesn’t come naturally (unless you’ve been blessed with an insanely high metabolism – for which, I am extremely resentful), and inevitably leads to exercising some form of diet, excessive amounts of exercise or aberrant eating behaviours. In actual fact, the number of people with some form of eating disorder is triple the amount of people with AIDS. Two in five women have admitted that they were unhappy with their bodies, which means 40% of you reading this know exactly what I’m talking about. The media does affect us, and there isn’t much we can do about that. What you can do, is stop comparing yourself to the cover models – because they’re not real women. Beauty is natural, not airbrushed, and natural is how you are in yourself – not how you adapt yourself around an image’s expectations.

International Marketing Research Challenges Essay

INTRODUCTION Due to global financial issues in the recent months, consumer confidence is low in the more developed markets such as Japan, the US and Europe (AFP, 2012). Therefore developing markets, such as the Australian market, are looking towards emerging markets where the markets have remained dynamic and rich in growth opportunities. This is because emerging markets â€Å"have reached a minimum level of GDP and are in the growth phase of the development cycle† (Pearson Education, 2012), however due to this growth phase these markets are still vulnerable to both internal and external forces. With many companies world-wide seeking global growth opportunities, it has never been more important for international marketing research to be conducted in order to fully understand the consumers of these markets (Greenland, 2011). This growth of emerging markets has presented a number of challenges for international marketing researchers including differences in research costs and also environmen tal differences such as differences in culture and even difficulties in communication and technology. CHALLENGE 1 – RESEARCH COST VARIATIONS Conducting research in a different country, especially one that is classified as an emerging market, can create many issues for international market researchers. For example, Greenland (2011) talked about how the expense of conducting research in emerging markets, such as Africa, is usually much higher than when compared to projects conducted in developed countries. Even though some of these issues may be catered for at the planning stage, many of these issues are unpredictable and can occur at any stage throughout the research project, creating a high chance of the project going over budget. Many factors including travel costs, currency fluctuation and availability of technology can affect the price of market research. However due to the fact that creative research approaches are needed in emerging markets, these higher prices may not be able to be overcome without a lot of research and understanding of the cultural and economic norms of the emerging market country (Craig and Dougla s 2005). As well as culture and economics being a factor in the high cost variations associated with research on emerging markets, the fact that infrastructure and technology is significantly limited also creating many issues to market researchers. This is because limited technology significantly limits the number of options the international market researchers have access to in order to conduct their research. No or limited technology means that most market research will need to be conducted face-to-face. Having to conduct research face-to-face in emerging markets can introduce extra expenses in the form of travel and extra staff when compared to virtual interactions such as online surveys. This is because in many of these emerging markets, for example Africa, â€Å"poor road networks, lack of direct flights, and the vast distances involved† (Greenland 2011) make it extremely difficult to reach these rural areas. As well as being time consuming, this is also a costly process with both transportation and accommodation needed to be taken into account. With these face-to-face interactions comes the problem of being able to communicate with participants who are likely to speak a different language. On suggestion to overcoming this problem is to train local people within the emerging market to conduct the research on behalf of the international market researchers. However, this approach is only a viable option if there are no time constraints due to the fact that it is likely to take a lot of time to train these new people and make them understand what the researcher is trying to find out. International market research can cost a lot more than when conducting research in a developed market, however businesses that are wanting to invest in emerging markets must plan for these extra costs if they want their new venture to succeed. CHALLENGE 2 – CULTURAL DIFFERENCES Every country has their own distinct cultural rules which can cause great confusion and problems when trying to conduct market research in a country that differs so greatly to your own country. For example, in Middle Eastern societies where women have very different roles to those women living in more western societies. This is why â€Å"the marketing research process should be modified so that it does not conflict with the cultural values† (Malhotra 2010) of the country in question. In countries such as the Middle East, women are more likely to experience lower education and literacy rates than their western society counterparts. For this reason and many others, face-to-face interviewing seems to be the most viable option for conducting marketing research in these countries (Greenland, 2011). However, even with face-to-face interviews this illiteracy can lead to the respondents not able to formulate their own opinions and all information gained could be biased or non-existent (Malhotra 2010). Furthermore, the cultural differences in these countries can extend further than just lower education rates, with many other factors affecting the way research must be conducted in these emerging countries to be effective. For example, many Arab cultures prohibit their women to have contact with non-family males, which can cause problems with allowing male researchers to conduct face-to-face interviews (Greenland 2011). A solution to this problem could be training female researchers to conduct the research when female interviewees are needed. However as well as this being possibly dangerous and deadly to the female, in many developing countries females are the bottom class and are seen to only do household duties, therefore a job would be against cultural beliefs. The extent of the products currently available in the emerging markets is another cultural issue that researchers must face when wanting to introduce a product. Malhotra (2010) suggests researchers need to look at the public’s attitude towards advertising, the government’s control of the media and the behaviour of consumers when conducting research. All of the previous factors change within different cultures which furthers heightens the need for specific research methods and ideas for different emerging markets. CHALLENGE 3 – COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES Communication challenges in emerging markets not only relate to language barriers but also differences in technology and cultures. Market researchers may find it very difficult to communicate the more complex ideas of their business to research participants in emerging markets where the language barrier is high. There has been a lot of research been into trying to find a way to overcome this problem. Greenland (2009), looked into using visual cues, such as photographs, to aid the research participants in obtaining a greater understanding of what the researcher was trying to convey. Craig and Douglas (2001), suggest the idea of videotaping people and analysing the behaviour observed to try and identify consumer buying habits. This however can pose many issues from whether it is legal or ethical to tape people without their knowledge and even whether cultural differences change what we would think a particular behaviour conveys. Greenland (2009), also talks about the language barrier when it comes to translating information from English to Swahili in the form of a questionnaire. The Swahili version of the questionnaire was notably longer than that of the English version which impacts the time taken to conduct the research. While Malhotra (2010) talks about translation from English to German and how the particular meaning of questions were altered when translated, which confused the final results. This is a problem that the researchers tried and failed to overcome at the time of the research being conducted. Also tying into communication issues is the challenge of conducting research without the technology that developed markets rely so heavily on. According to Malhotra (2010) the lives of everyday citizens, particularly those in rural areas, of countries such as India, South Korea and many Latin American countries, are yet to be impacted by advances in science and technology.† This, therefore, has an impact on how information is collected and stored and can also have an impact on the type of information a market researcher can collect. These non-existent advances in science and technology not only eliminate internet surveys or discussions but in many countries also eliminate the ability to conduct telephone interviews, with researchers unable to find complete telephone directories if the households have access to the telephone at all (Malhotra 2010). With the amount of challenges facing researchers regarding technology, it is often much more efficient to conduct face-to-face interviews. CONCLUSION â€Å"With the accelerating pace of market globalisation† (Craig and Douglas 2005), emerging markets are gradually becoming of greater interest to larger businesses all around the world. To efficiently sell products in these emerging markets a lot of research needs to be done to fully understand the consumers in these emerging markets in order to effectively market and sell their product. There are many factors that make emerging markets different to sell products in when compared to developed markets including, political differences and even variations in currency. This is why it is so important to understand how to efficiently conduct research in these countries prior to selling goods. However, there are many challenges that face researchers in these emerging markets, including the different costs of research, cultural differences and communication difficulties. These challenges can cause the research to take a lot longer and cost a lot more money than researchers would be used to. However, much research is being done to come up with solutions to combat these challenges which will hopefully make it increasingly easier for businesses to invest in emerging markets in the future. REFERENCES AFP 2012, Nestle sweet on emerging markets, The West Australian, viewed on 22nd June 2012, Craig, C. S. and Douglas, S. P 2005, Future Directions in International Marketing Research, Chapter 15 in International Marketing Research, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, viewed 22nd June Craig, CS and Douglas, SP 2001, Conducting international marketing research in the twenty-first century, International Marketing Review, Vol. 18 Iss: 1, pp.80 – 90 Greenland, S. J 2011, Challenges of researching consumers in emerging markets. Marketing in the age of consumerism: Jekyll or Hyde?, Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy Greenland, SJ 2009, Visual Research for Segmenting Emerging Markets, Proceedings of ‘Sustainable Management and Marketing’, Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy Conference (ANZMAC), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 30 November – 02 December 2009, viewed 19th June 2012